The research focus at the BFI concerns the formation, evolution and present state of our Solar System, its place in the Universe, and the Earth’s place in it. Specialties are the composition and chemistry of solid surfaces and modeling the thermodynamic evolution of the interiors of the objects. A major approach at the BFI is participation in the planning and execution of international robotic spacecraft missions throughout the Solar System with emphasis on making measurements and acquiring new data to be analyzed at the BFI and in cooperation with U.S. and international research colleagues.

The BFI is a virtual node in the world of research through modern communication capabilities, including high-speed Internet connectivity and teleconferencing. Modern computer and data storage facilities are connected through local wireless and Ethernet networks. High-end commercial as well as internally-developed software supports spatial and spectral data processing, further enhanced through CPU-sharing software and support. Business management and administrative support and infrastructure are in place.

The BFI facility is housed in a 3000 sq ft converted farmhouse, with out buildings that can support laboratories. Wild animals and a variety of native vegetation provide year-round entertainment and restful learning experiences. Small conferences, seminars and workshops are supported, up to about 25 people, on topics associated with the ongoing research.

The local area affords a wide variety of human support and entertainment facilities, including hotels, restaurants, shopping, music and theater. Available "four-season" recreation activities include hiking, climbing, riding, skiing, boating, wildlife observing, fishing, and hunting. The scenery and the associated geology and its history are spectacular, for both the local area and the general Inland Northwest region.